Active to Passive Voice Rules
Master the Transformation Across All Tenses
Golden Rule: The Object of the active sentence becomes the Subject of the passive sentence. Always use the 3rd Form of the Verb (V3) in passive voice.
1. Present Tense (वर्तमान काल)
| Tense |
Active Voice Rule |
Passive Voice Rule |
Example (Passive) |
| Simple Present |
Sub + V1 + Obj |
Obj + is/am/are + V3 + by + Sub |
A letter is written by him. |
| Present Continuous |
Sub + is/am/are + V-ing + Obj |
Obj + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Sub |
A cake is being baked by her. |
| Present Perfect |
Sub + has/have + V3 + Obj |
Obj + has/have + been + V3 + by + Sub |
The match has been won by us. |
2. Past Tense (भूतकाल)
| Tense |
Active Voice Rule |
Passive Voice Rule |
Example (Passive) |
| Simple Past |
Sub + V2 + Obj |
Obj + was/were + V3 + by + Sub |
The food was cooked by mother. |
| Past Continuous |
Sub + was/were + V-ing + Obj |
Obj + was/were + being + V3 + by + Sub |
A movie was being watched by them. |
| Past Perfect |
Sub + had + V3 + Obj |
Obj + had + been + V3 + by + Sub |
The door had been locked by him. |
3. Future Tense (भविष्य काल)
| Tense |
Active Voice Rule |
Passive Voice Rule |
Example (Passive) |
| Simple Future |
Sub + will + V1 + Obj |
Obj + will + be + V3 + by + Sub |
The house will be cleaned by me. |
| Future Perfect |
Sub + will have + V3 + Obj |
Obj + will have + been + V3 + by + Sub |
The project will have been finished. |
Pronoun Changes (I → me)
When the subject becomes an object in passive voice, it changes as follows:
I → me
We → us
You → you
He → him
She → her
They → them