
A verb phrase is a group of words that consists of a main verb (the action or state verb) and one or more auxiliary (helping) verbs (such as be, have, do, can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must). In some grammar analyses, the verb phrase also includes complements, objects, or adverbs that complete the meaning of the verb. However, the most common definition focuses on the verb and its helpers. Verb phrases express tense, mood, aspect, and voice.
Examples:
She is writing a letter. (is = auxiliary, writing = main verb)
They have been waiting for an hour. (have been = auxiliaries, waiting = main verb)
He should go to the doctor. (should = auxiliary, go = main verb)
Structure:
Auxiliary Verb(s) + Main Verb ( + Particle/Complement – sometimes included)
Verb Phrase (क्रिया पदबंध) शब्दों का एक समूह होता है जिसमें एक मुख्य क्रिया (main verb) और उसके साथ लगने वाली एक या अधिक सहायक क्रियाएँ (auxiliary verbs) शामिल होती हैं – जैसे be, have, do, can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must। कुछ व्याकरण के अनुसार, verb phrase में क्रिया के साथ आने वाले complements, objects या adverbs भी शामिल हो सकते हैं। Verb phrase काल (tense), mood (वृत्ति), aspect (पहलू) और voice (वाच्य) को व्यक्त करता है।
उदाहरण:
वह एक पत्र लिख रही है। (रही है = सहायक, लिख = मुख्य क्रिया)
वे एक घंटे से इंतज़ार कर रहे हैं। (रहे हैं = सहायक, इंतज़ार कर = मुख्य क्रिया)
उसे डॉक्टर के पास जाना चाहिए। (चाहिए = सहायक, जाना = मुख्य क्रिया)
Note: The verb phrase portion (main verb + auxiliaries) is shown inside [ … ] in both English and Hindi sentences. In Hindi, the verb phrase may appear at the end or include compound verbs.
She [is singing] a beautiful song.
वह एक सुंदर गीत [गा रही है] ।
They [have finished] their homework.
उन्होंने अपना होमवर्क [समाप्त कर लिया है] ।
I [will call] you tomorrow.
मैं तुम्हें कल [फोन करूँगा/करूँगी] ।
The baby [has been crying] all night.
बच्चा पूरी रात [रोता रहा है] ।
You [should apologize] to her.
तुम्हें उससे [माफी माँगनी चाहिए] ।
He [can speak] three languages.
वह तीन भाषाएँ [बोल सकता है] ।
We [were watching] a movie when you called.
हम एक फिल्म [देख रहे थे] जब तुमने फोन किया।
The door [was locked] from inside.
दरवाज़ा अंदर से [बंद था] (passive verb phrase).
I [have never seen] such a beautiful sunset.
मैंने ऐसा सुंदर सूर्यास्त [कभी नहीं देखा] ।
They [are going to build] a new school.
वे एक नया स्कूल [बनाने जा रहे हैं] ।
She [must finish] the report by tonight.
उसे आज रात तक रिपोर्ट [खत्म करनी ही होगी] ।
The children [have been playing] outside for hours.
बच्चे घंटों बाहर [खेलते रहे हैं] ।
I [would like to order] a coffee.
मैं एक कॉफी [ऑर्डर करना चाहूँगा/चाहूँगी] ।
He [does not know] the answer.
वह उत्तर [नहीं जानता] ।
We [had already eaten] before they arrived.
हमने उनके आने से पहले ही [खाना खा लिया था] ।
She [might come] to the party.
वह पार्टी में [आ सकती है] ।
The teacher [is explaining] the lesson.
शिक्षक पाठ [समझा रहे हैं] ।
I [could have helped] you if you had asked.
अगर तुमने पूछा होता तो मैं तुम्हारी [मदद कर सकता था] ।
They [will be arriving] at 6 PM.
वे शाम 6 बजे [पहुँच रहे होंगे] ।
The cake [was baked] by my grandmother.
केक मेरी दादी द्वारा [पकाया गया था] ।
You [must not smoke] here.
तुम्हें यहाँ [धूम्रपान नहीं करना चाहिए] ।
He [used to live] in Delhi.
वह दिल्ली में [रहा करता था] ।
I [am reading] a very interesting book.
मैं एक बहुत ही रोचक किताब [पढ़ रहा/रही हूँ] ।
They [had been waiting] for two hours before the bus came.
वे बस आने से पहले दो घंटे से [इंतज़ार कर रहे थे] ।
She [would always help] the needy.
वह हमेशा जरूरतमंदों की [मदद करती थी] ।
We [should have listened] to his advice.
हमें उसकी सलाह [मान लेनी चाहिए थी] ।
The flowers [are blooming] in the garden.
बगीचे में फूल [खिल रहे हैं] ।
I [can’t find] my keys anywhere.
मुझे अपनी चाबियाँ कहीं [नहीं मिल रही हैं] ।
He [is being interviewed] for the job.
उसका नौकरी के लिए [साक्षात्कार लिया जा रहा है] (passive continuous).
They [will have completed] the project by next month.
वे अगले महीने तक प्रोजेक्ट [पूरा कर चुके होंगे] ।
She [may not attend] the meeting.
वह मीटिंग में [शामिल नहीं हो सकती है] ।
I [do enjoy] spending time with you.
मैं तुम्हारे साथ समय बिताना [वाकई पसंद करता/करती हूँ] (emphatic do).
The baby [is sleeping] peacefully.
बच्चा शांति से [सो रहा है] ।
You [need to finish] this today.
तुम्हें यह आज [खत्म करना होगा] ।
They [were being followed] by a stranger.
एक अजनबी द्वारा उनका [पीछा किया जा रहा था] ।
He [might have forgotten] about the appointment.
वह अपॉइंटमेंट के बारे में [भूल गया होगा] ।
We [are planning to travel] to Japan next year.
हम अगले साल जापान [यात्रा करने की योजना बना रहे हैं] ।
The soup [tastes] delicious. (single main verb – still a verb phrase)
सूप [स्वादिष्ट लगता है] ।
I [will be waiting] for you at the station.
मैं तुम्हारा स्टेशन पर [इंतज़ार कर रहा/रही हूँगा/हूँगी] ।
She [has to leave] early today.
उसे आज जल्दी [जाना है] ।
They [could not believe] what they saw.
वे जो देखा उस पर [विश्वास नहीं कर सके] ।
The manager [is going to announce] the results.
मैनेजर परिणाम [घोषित करने जा रहे हैं] ।
I [have been thinking] about you all day.
मैं पूरे दिन तुम्हारे बारे में [सोचता/सोचती रहा/रही हूँ] ।
You [should try to exercise] regularly.
तुम्हें नियमित रूप से [व्यायाम करने की कोशिश करनी चाहिए] ।
The car [has broken down] on the highway.
कार हाईवे पर [खराब हो गई है] ।
He [would rather stay] home tonight.
वह आज रात घर पर [रहना पसंद करेगा] ।
We [were supposed to meet] at 7, but he didn’t show up.
हमें 7 बजे [मिलना था] , लेकिन वह नहीं आया।
She [is known to be] very generous.
वह बहुत उदार [जानी जाती है] ।
I [might be able to help] you with that.
मैं शायद उसमें तुम्हारी [मदद कर पाऊँ/पाऊँगी] ।
They [will have been living] in this city for ten years by 2025.
वे 2025 तक इस शहर में दस साल से [रह रहे होंगे] ।
| Type (प्रकार) | Structure (संरचना) | Example (उदाहरण) |
|---|---|---|
| Simple VP | Main verb only (no auxiliary) | She laughs. / He came. |
| Progressive VP | be + present participle | They are running. |
| Perfect VP | have + past participle | I have seen that movie. |
| Perfect Progressive VP | have + been + present participle | She has been waiting. |
| Passive VP | be + past participle | The cake was eaten. |
| Modal VP | modal + base verb | You must go. |
| Modal Perfect VP | modal + have + past participle | He might have left. |
| Modal Progressive VP | modal + be + present participle | They will be coming. |
| Modal Perfect Progressive | modal + have + been + present participle | She would have been working. |
| Emphatic VP | do/does/did + base verb | I do like it. |
| Type (प्रकार) | Auxiliaries (सहायक क्रियाएँ) |
|---|---|
| Primary Auxiliaries | be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) |
| have (has, have, had, having) | |
| do (do, does, did) | |
| Modal Auxiliaries | can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must |
| Modal + have + past participle | could have, should have, might have, etc. |
| Verb Phrase (क्रिया पदबंध) | Phrasal Verb (वाक्यांश क्रिया) |
|---|---|
| Auxiliary + main verb | Main verb + particle (preposition/adverb) |
| is going, has eaten, will come | give up, look after, run out of |
| Expresses tense, aspect, voice | Expresses a single semantic unit (idiomatic meaning) |
Find the main verb – the word that shows the action or state.
Look for helping verbs before it – be, have, do, can, could, will, etc.
The entire sequence of auxiliaries + main verb is the verb phrase.
In negatives, “not” is not part of the verb phrase (though sometimes included). We usually exclude “not”.
Example: She has not been sleeping well. → Verb phrase: has been sleeping (not is separate).
A verb phrase (क्रिया पदबंध) consists of a main verb and its auxiliary (helping) verbs. It expresses tense, mood, aspect, and voice. The 50 examples above illustrate simple, progressive, perfect, modal, passive, and perfect progressive verb phrases. In each sentence, the verb phrase is highlighted in [brackets] in both English and Hindi. Verb phrases are essential for constructing complex tenses and expressing nuanced meanings.