📘 GERUND – COMPLETE CHART

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📘 GERUND – COMPLETE CHART

🔴 1. Gerund क्या होता है?

👉 Definition:
Verb + ing जब noun की तरह काम करे = Gerund

👉 Hindi पहचान:
ना / ने / नी / ना करना

✔ Example:
Swimming is good.
👉 तैरना अच्छा है

🔵 2. Basic Structure

Form Example
V1 + ing playing, reading, writing

🟢 3. Uses of Gerund (मुख्य उपयोग)

(A) Subject के रूप में

👉 Sentence की शुरुआत में

Example
Reading is good.
Playing cricket is fun.

(B) Object के रूप में

👉 Verb के बाद

Example
I like reading.
She enjoys dancing.

(C) Preposition के बाद

👉 in, on, at, for, of, about, etc.

Example
He is fond of playing.
She is good at singing.

(D) After Certain Verbs

👉 कुछ verbs के बाद हमेशा gerund आता है

📊 Important Verbs List:

Verb Example
enjoy I enjoy reading.
avoid He avoids meeting me.
finish She finished writing.
suggest He suggested going.
mind Do you mind opening the door?

(E) After “Go” (Activities)

Example
go swimming
go shopping
go running

(F) After Phrases

👉 look forward to, give up, etc.

Example
I look forward to meeting you.
He gave up smoking.

🔴 4. Gerund vs Infinitive

👉 Gerund = V+ing
👉 Infinitive = to + V1

📊 Comparison Chart:

Verb Gerund Infinitive
like I like reading. I like to read.
start He started working. He started to work.

🔵 5. Gerund के Special Uses

✅ (A) After Possessive

Example
I appreciate your helping me.

✅ (B) Negative Gerund

👉 not + V+ing

Example
He regrets not studying.

✅ (C) Passive Gerund

👉 being + V3

Example
I like being praised.

✅ (D) Perfect Gerund

👉 having + V3

Example
He regrets having done this.

🟢 6. Common Gerund Words List

👉 रोज exam में आने वाले

  • reading
  • writing
  • swimming
  • dancing
  • playing
  • eating
  • learning

🔴 7. Gerund पहचान Trick

👉 अगर Verb के बाद “ना” लग रहा है (Hindi में) → Gerund

✔ Example:
I like reading
👉 मुझे पढ़ना पसंद है

🎯 8. Quick Formula

👉 Verb + ing = Gerund
👉 Noun की तरह use

🧠 9. Important Notes

❌ हर ing form gerund नहीं होता
👉 Continuous tense भी हो सकता है

✔ Example:
He is playing (Continuous)
Playing is fun (Gerund)

🚀 Final Summary

👉 Gerund = Verb + ing (Noun की तरह)
👉 Subject, Object, Preposition के बाद
👉 कुछ verbs के बाद fix आता है

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